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Thymulin

Thymulin

Base Peptides are intended for licensed medical professionals and experienced researchers. Reconstitution required. Dosing and use instructions are not provided.

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Thymulin — Thymic Humoral Factor (Zn-Dependent Nonapeptide)

Thymulin (historically “thymic factor”, FTS) is a zinc-dependent nonapeptide secreted by thymic epithelial cells. It’s used in research to probe T-cell differentiation, immune modulation, and neuroendocrine crosstalk between the thymus and HPA/thyroid axes.

Identifiers
  • Synonyms: Thymic factor; FTS; Zn-Thymulin
  • Sequence (nonapeptide): Pyr-Ala-Lys-Ser-Gln-Gly-Gly-Ser-Asn-OH
  • CAS No.: 63958-90-7
  • Formula / MW: C33H54N12O15 • ~858.8 g·mol⁻¹
  • Cofactor: Zinc ion (biological activity requires Zn binding)
  • Receptor/Target: Immune & neuroendocrine pathways (T-cell, astrocyte models; HPA axis readouts)
How It Works (Plain English)
  • Immune signaling: Active Zn-thymulin supports T-cell maturation and function in thymus-dependent pathways.
  • Neuroendocrine crosstalk: Links the thymus with pituitary/adrenal/thyroid signaling; levels vary with endocrine state in models.
  • Chemistry note: The pyroglutamyl N-terminus and Zn binding stabilize conformation and bioactivity.
Why Researchers Use It
  • To map immune development and thymus-dependent T-cell outcomes.
  • To examine anti-inflammatory/analgesic potential of thymulin analogs (e.g., PAT/metFTS) in CNS and peripheral models.
  • To explore neuro-immune-endocrine interactions (HPA/thyroid relationships, circadian variation).

Key Study Themes — What Was Tested, What Changed, Why It Matters

Zn-Dependence & T-Cell Function
  • What was tested: Thymulin (± zinc) in thymectomized/immune-challenged models; T-cell differentiation/function readouts.
  • What changed: Only the zinc-bound form is biologically active; supports thymus-dependent T-cell responses.
  • Why it matters: Confirms the metallopeptide mechanism—vital for experimental design and interpretation.
Neuroendocrine Links (HPA/Thyroid)
  • What was tested: Thymulin vs endocrine status (hyper/hypothyroid; ACTH modulation) with serial hormone panels.
  • What changed: Thymulin levels track endocrine state in select cohorts; indicates bidirectional signaling between thymus and pituitary/thyroid.
  • Why it matters: Useful model for studying systemic immune–endocrine coupling.
Anti-Inflammatory / Analgesic Analog Work
  • What was tested: Thymulin analogs (e.g., PAT, metFTS) in CNS and neuropathic pain models; cytokine & behavioral endpoints.
  • What changed: Select analogs reduced pro-inflammatory mediators and showed analgesic signals in preclinical studies.
  • Why it matters: Positions thymulin scaffolds for neuroinflammation research.

Potential Research Applications

Immunology

  • T-cell differentiation, thymic epithelial biology, cytokine panels.

Neuro-Immune Interfaces

  • Astrocyte signaling, neuroinflammation, pain models.

Endocrine Physiology

  • HPA/thyroid interactions, circadian hormone dynamics.

Synergistic / Comparator Peptides

Thymosin α1 (Tα1) / Thymosin β4

  • Why compare: Distinguish thymic peptide families across immune endpoints and repair biology.

TA-1 + Thymulin (design-dependent)

  • Why pair: Complementary immune-modulatory axes for multi-marker studies.

BPC-157 / TB-500

  • Why pair: Tissue-repair peptides alongside immune-modulatory controls.

What’s in the Vial (Editable)

Active Per Vial Grade / Purity
Thymulin (nonapeptide) 5 mg (set per SKU) Research-grade, ≥ 98–99% (HPLC/MS)
Appearance White to off-white lyophilized powder
Note Biological activity is zinc-dependent; design assays accordingly

Specifications & Handling

  • Form: Lyophilized peptide powder (lot-coded)
  • Storage: ≤ −20 °C long-term; protect from light/moisture
  • Stability: Avoid repeated freeze–thaw; prepare fresh solutions for assay
  • Reconstitution (lab use): Sterile aqueous buffer; record solvent, concentration, pH, and time-to-assay
  • Labeling: “Research Use Only”; CAS/lot/SKU and expiration clearly displayed

Known Concerns (Context)

  • Metal dependence: Lack of zinc abolishes activity; trace-metal contamination can also alter results.
  • Assay variability: Immune/neuroendocrine markers are context-sensitive—standardize timing and co-factors.
  • General: For laboratory research use only; not for human consumption or therapeutic/veterinary use.

Regulatory & Use Notice

Sold for laboratory research use only. Not for human consumption, medical, or veterinary use. No human-use instructions are provided. Buyer is responsible for safe handling and regulatory compliance.

Thymulin (Thymic Humoral Factor, FTS) Research Peptide | Zinc-Dependent Nonapeptide | Immune, Neuroendocrine & Anti-Inflammatory Models

Keywords: thymulin, FTS, thymic factor, zinc-thymulin, KNDy not applicable, immune modulation, neuroendocrine crosstalk, Base Peptides.

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Instructions are NOT provided before or after purchase.

Peptide molecules are unfinished and require reconstitution from a skilled and licensed professional to activate the compound into liquid form. Instructions are not provided for reconstitution, dosing, or adminstration. All products are strictly intended for research purposes and laboratory experimentation. Handling should be by skilled licensed and credentialed professionals only. Non experimental use is strictly prohibited.
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