Thymulin

Thymulin

Primary Function: Immune system modulation, endocrine regulation, anti-inflammatory support
Research Use: Immune deficiency models, chronic inflammation, thymus peptide signaling
Molecular Formula: C49H72N12O16S
CAS Number: 69558-55-0
Synonyms: Facteur Thymique Serique (FTS), Serum Thymic Factor, Thymic peptide

Description:
Thymulin is a nonapeptide naturally secreted by the thymus gland, consisting of a short amino acid chain complexed with zinc. It is studied for its key roles in T-cell differentiation, immune modulation, and neuroendocrine balance. Thymulin is especially relevant in models involving age-related immune decline, chronic inflammation, and autoimmune conditions, where it has demonstrated broad regulatory effects.

Mechanism of Action:

• Enhances T-lymphocyte function and maturation
• Exerts anti-inflammatory effects via cytokine modulation
• Influences pituitary hormone secretion (LH, GH, ACTH)
• Requires zinc binding to be biologically active

Key Research Areas:

• Immune restoration and thymic involution
• Chronic inflammation and cytokine balancing
• Endocrine-immune interactions (hypothalamic-pituitary axis)
• Aging, immune senescence, and viral model studies

History of Discovery:
Thymulin was first isolated in the 1970s by French immunologist Dr. Jean-François Bach. Originally known as Facteur Thymique Serique (FTS), it became a central molecule in early thymic peptide research. It helped establish the concept of neuroendocrine-immune system cross-talk, making it a foundational peptide in bioregulatory medicine.

Case Studies:

1. Immune Function Restoration (1983, Clin Exp Immunol): Thymulin restored T-cell function in zinc-deficient mice and improved immune responses. [Clin Exp Immunol. 1983;51(1):87–94.]
2. Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Arthritis (2000, J Neuroimmunol): Thymulin reduced inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β) in an arthritis rat model. [J Neuroimmunol. 2000;108(1-2):91–99.]
3. Endocrine Regulation (1989, Endocrinology): Research demonstrated Thymulin's role in modulating pituitary hormones including ACTH and GH. [Endocrinology. 1989;124(1):119–126.]

Packaging Information:

• Form: Lyophilized powder
• Purity: ≥ 99%
• For research use only. Not for human or veterinary use.