Oxytocin

Oxytocin

Primary Function: Social bonding, stress modulation, and emotional regulation
Research Use: Behavioral neuroscience, mood disorders, sexual function, trust modulation
Molecular Formula: C43H66N12O12S2
CAS Number: 50-56-6
Synonyms: Oxt, Pitocin (pharmaceutical), α-hypophamine

Description:
Oxytocin is a naturally occurring neuropeptide and hormone best known for its roles in social bonding, trust, pair bonding, and emotional regulation. Often referred to as the “love hormone,” it is synthesized in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary. In research settings, Oxytocin is used to study a wide range of effects including anxiolysis, sexual function, attachment, and stress recovery.

Mechanism of Action:

• Binds to oxytocin receptors (OXTR) in the brain and peripheral tissues
• Modulates neurotransmitter release (e.g., dopamine, serotonin)
• Enhances parasympathetic nervous system tone
• Promotes social recognition, emotional resilience, and relaxation

Key Research Areas:

• Autism spectrum disorder and social cognition
• Sexual dysfunction and intimacy studies
• Stress regulation and anxiety
• Postpartum mood and bonding research

History of Discovery:
Oxytocin was discovered in the early 20th century and was one of the first hormones to be chemically synthesized in 1953 by Vincent du Vigneaud, who received a Nobel Prize for this achievement. While originally studied for its uterotonic effects in labor, its applications in behavioral science and mental health have since become a major area of peptide-based research.

Case Studies:

1. Improved Social Function in Autism (2010, PNAS): Intranasal Oxytocin improved eye contact and emotional recognition in adults with ASD. [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010;107(9):4389–4394.]
2. Reduction of Anxiety in PTSD Models (2015, Psychoneuroendocrinology): Oxytocin administration decreased cortisol levels and improved stress tolerance in trauma survivors. [Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2015;51:491–498.]
3. Sexual Function Enhancement (2012, J Sex Med): Oxytocin boosted arousal and satisfaction in both men and women experiencing intimacy-related issues. [J Sex Med. 2012;9(6):1407–1419.]

Packaging Information:

• Form: Lyophilized powder or nasal solution
• Purity: ≥ 99%
• Storage: Store at -20°C in a dry, dark environment
• For research use only. Not for human or veterinary use.